Specific Process Knowledge/Back-end processing/Polymer Injection Molder: Difference between revisions
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== Technotrans microform.200 == | |||
The Technotrans microform.200 (Electroplating-Ni in LabManager) is a machine capable of depositing nickel electrochemically. This is done by lowering the sample into an electrolyte containing nickel ions and then apply a voltage across the sample and the anode. The anode is a basket filled with nickel pellets. The cathode is the sample to be coated with nickel. | |||
( | |||
At the anode metallic nickel is oxidized to nickel ions: | |||
Ni (s) ⇒ Ni<sup>2+</sup> (aq) + 2 e<sup>-</sup> | |||
At the cathode (the sample surface), nickel ions from solution are reduced to metallic nickel: | |||
Ni<sup>2+</sup> (aq) + 2 e<sup>-</sup> ⇒ Ni (s) | |||
The minimal charge accepted by the software on the machine is 0.1 Ah (Ampere-hours). This corresponds to roughly 2 µm of nickel on a four inch wafer. You can abort a program prematurely to achieve even lower thicknesses, but this requires manual control of the machine. | |||
The maximum allowed thickness is ~1,4 mm (1400 µm), since higher a thickness will make the release of the sample difficult. This corresponds to a charge of 53-54 Ah on a four inch wafer. | |||
The plating bath is an aqueous solution of nickel sulphamate, boric acid and sulfamic acid. The bath is moderately acidic (pH = 3,5 - 3,8) and the temperature of the bath is 51-52°C. The sample will spin at 60 RPM during deposition. | |||
Uniformity across a 4" wafer is around 5% for the standard processes (the edge being slightly thicker than the center of the sample). Running at high current densities will deposit a nickel layer that is quite soft. Decreasing current density will increase tensile strength of the deposited nickel. | |||
'''The user manual(s), quality control procedure(s) and results, user APV(s), technical information and contact information can be found in LabManager:''' | |||
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[[image:choi_2017_Machine_overview.jpg|200x200px|right|thumb|Electroplating-Ni positioned in cleanroom 1]] | |||
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[http://labmanager.danchip.dtu.dk/function.php?module=Machine&view=view&mach=274 Electroplating-Ni Info on LabManager] | |||
== Process information == | |||
*[[Specific Process Knowledge/Thin film deposition/Deposition of Nickel/Electroplating of nickel|Description of standard processes]] | |||
==Equipment performance and process related parameters== | |||
{| border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" | |||
!colspan="2" border="none" style="background:silver; color:black;" align="center"|Parameter | |||
|style="background:WhiteSmoke; color:black"|<b>Value</b> | |||
|- | |||
!style="background:silver; color:black" align="center" valign="center" rowspan="2"|Sample dimensions | |||
|style="background:LightGrey; color:black"|Diameter | |||
|style="background:WhiteSmoke; color:black"| | |||
50, 100 or 150 mm (~ 2", 4" or 6") | |||
|- | |||
|style="background:LightGrey; color:black"|Sample thickness | |||
|style="background:WhiteSmoke; color:black"| | |||
Maximum 1,0 mm | |||
|- | |||
!style="background:silver; color:black" align="center" valign="center" rowspan="2"|Process parameters | |||
|style="background:LightGrey; color:black"|Temperature | |||
|style="background:WhiteSmoke; color:black"| | |||
52*C | |||
|- | |||
|style="background:LightGrey; color:black"|pH | |||
|style="background:WhiteSmoke; color:black"| | |||
3,5 - 3,8 | |||
|- | |||
!style="background:silver; color:black" align="center" valign="center" rowspan="3"|Sample requirements | |||
|style="background:LightGrey; color:black"|Seed metal | |||
|style="background:WhiteSmoke; color:black"| | |||
100 nm of either NiV, Ti+Au or Cr+Au recommended. Most commonly seed metals are sputtered using the [[Specific Process Knowledge/Thin film deposition/Lesker|Sputter-System(Lesker)]]. | |||
|- | |||
| style="background:LightGrey; color:black"|Allowed materials | |||
|style="background:WhiteSmoke; color:black"| | |||
Most materials allowed. See below. | |||
|- | |||
| style="background:LightGrey; color:black"|Forbidden materials | |||
|style="background:WhiteSmoke; color:black"| | |||
Copper, cobalt. See machine manual on LabManager for details | |||
|} | |||
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