Specific Process Knowledge/Characterization/Element analysis: Difference between revisions
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The binding eneryg of lower lying atomic levels (for example 1s, 2s and 2p) are at a specific energy, but is slightly affected by the | XPS is an excellent technique to probe the chemical state of atoms on a surface. The binding eneryg of lower lying atomic levels (for example 1s, 2s and 2p) are at a specific energy, but is slightly affected by the chemical environment of the probed atom. This is known as the '''chemical shift''', and the information from measuring the shift of the electrons binding energies can be used to know the chemical state of atoms. | ||