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Stress measurements of a thin film can be measured the wafer bow before and after deposition of the film. If the film is deposited on both sides of the wafer you can measure the bow after deposition and again after removing the film from one of the sides.
Stress measurements of a thin film can be measured by measuring the wafer bow before and after deposition of a thin film. If the then film is deposited on both sides of the wafer, you can measure the bow after deposition and again after removing the film from one of the sides.


The procedure is as follows:
The procedure is as follows:


==When the deposition is on one side of the wafer==
==When the deposition is on one side of the wafer==
#Measure the wafer bow on one of the profilometers ([[Specific Process Knowledge/Characterization/Profiler#Dektak XTA_new stylus profiler|Dektak XTA_new]] or [[Specific Process Knowledge/Characterization/Profiler#Dektak _8 stylus _profiler|Dektak 8]]). Save the measurement. It is a good idea to measure across most of the wafer (at least along 70% of the wafer length) in two directions perpendicular to each other.
#Measure the wafer bow on one of the stylus profilometers ([[Specific Process Knowledge/Characterization/Profiler#Dektak XTA_new stylus profiler|Dektak XTA_new]] or [[Specific Process Knowledge/Characterization/Profiler#Dektak _8 stylus _profiler|Dektak 8]]). Save the measurement. It is a good idea to measure across most of the wafer (at least along 70% of the wafer diameter) in two directions perpendicular to each other.
#Measure the thickness of the substrate
#Measure the thickness of the substrate
#Deposite the thin film
#Deposit the thin film
#Measure the thickness of the thin film (ex. using the FilmTek or the Ellipsometer is possible).
#Measure the thickness of the thin film (ex. using the FilmTek or the Ellipsometer).
#Measure the wafer bow again:  
#Measure the wafer bow again:  
#*On the same profilometer as used for the pre-measurement.  
#*On the same profilometer as used for the pre-measurement.  
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#*On the same position/positions on the wafer as the pre-measurement .  
#*On the same position/positions on the wafer as the pre-measurement .  
#Use the program for stress measurement in the profilometer software on the profilometer you used for the measurements. Use both the pre-stress measurement and the post-stress measurement.
#Use the program for stress measurement in the profilometer software on the profilometer you used for the measurements. Use both the pre-stress measurement and the post-stress measurement.
#*The dektak program asks for substrate elasticity (choose the substrate type for example Si(111)), substrate thickness, film thickness and the name of the pre-stress measurement.
#*The profiler program asks for substrate elasticity (choose the substrate type for example Si(100)), substrate thickness, film thickness and the name of the pre-stress measurement.


==When the deposition is on both sides of the wafer==
==When the deposition is on both sides of the wafer==
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