LabAdviser/Technology Research/Direct laser pyrolysis: Difference between revisions

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 '''Feedback to this page''': '''[mailto:labadviser@nanolab.dtu.dk?Subject=Feed%20back%20from%20page%20http://labadviser.nanolab.dtu.dk/index.php/LabAdviser/Technology_Research/Direct_laser_pyrolysis click here]'''
-=''Project title''=
+=''Direct laser writing of pyrolytic carbon microelectrodes''=
-*Project type: ''Ph.d project'', or other type
+*Project type: ''Ph.D. project''
-*Project responsible: ''Name of responsible''
+*Project responsible: ''Emil Ludvigsen''
-*Supervisors: ''Name of the supervisors''
+*Supervisors: ''Stephan Sylvest Keller and Jenny Katarina Emnéus''
-*Partners involved: ''Institutes, centers or others involved''
+*Partners involved: ''DTU Nanolab, DTU Bioengineering''
-*Thesis: link to the thesis in orbit
+*Project start: ''2019-06-01''
+*DTU Orbit: [https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/direct-laser-writing-of-pyrolytic-carbon-microelectrodes ''Direct laser writing of pyrolytic carbon microelectrodes'']
 ==Project description==
-''A description of the project''
+This project investigates how direct laser writing (DLW) may be employed for the fabrication of carbon microelectrodes by converting insulating carbon precursors such as polymers into conductive carbon traces through a process called local laser pyrolysis (LLP).
+Carbon is an excellent electrode material for all sorts of applications, such as sensors [1, 2], super-capacitors [3], and biological scaffolds [4]. The reason for this is that carbon has a wide potential window [5], a high chemical stability [5], is biocompatible [4], cheap, and readily available [5]. Accurate patterning of the carbon electrodes rely on the patterning of the carbon precursor. This can be done by mold casting, UV-lithography [4, 6, 7], additive manufacturing [7], and DLW [1, 2]. The main advantage of DLW is the highly localized heating, which eliminates the need for a high-temperature compatible substrate during the pyrolysis of the carbon precursor. This reduces the overall thermal budget of the process and allows for writing carbon electrodes on flexible substrates [1, 2].
+So far, the project has mainly focused on LLP of SU-8, which has been modified by the inclusion of an absorber into the resin, in order for the SU-8 to absorb the laser light. The laser light is absorbed by the absorber in the SU-8 and due to the poor thermal conductivity, and the narrow spot size (ca. 32 µm) of the laser, a very rapid and local heating occur. Above ca. 900&#8451;, the SU-8 is pyrolysed [4, 8], i.e. all non-carbonic species are ablated and only a distinct trace of carbon remains. The carbon is porous and conductive, thus making it a potent candidate for the abovementioned applications. The project is funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the Horizon
+framework programme grant no. 772370-PHOENEEX.
 ==Publications==
-===Name of publication 1 made in this project===
-Reference and link to the publication
-*[[/Process flow form|Process flow(s) relevant to this publication including links to Process development made in connection to this publication this is describes in either LabAdviser or Process2Share]]
-===Name of publication2 made in this project===
+''Selective Direct Laser Writing of Pyrolytic Carbon Microelectrodes in Absorber-Modified SU-8''
-Reference and link to the publication
-*[[/Process flow form|Process flow(s) relevant to this publication including links to Process development made in connection to this publication this is describes in either LabAdviser or Process2Share]]
+https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/12/5/564
-===Name of publication3 made in this project===
+==Fabrication: Process Flows==
-Reference and link to the publication
-*[[/Process flow form|Process flow(s) relevant to this publication including links to Process development made in connection to this publication this is describes in either LabAdviser or Process2Share]]
+==References==
+*[1]: ''Luo, S., Hoang, P. T., & Liu, T. (2016). Direct laser writing for creating porous graphitic structures and their use for flexible and highly sensitive sensor and sensor arrays. Carbon, 96, 522-531.''
+*[2]: ''Rahimi, R., Ochoa, M., Tamayol, A., Khalili, S., Khademhosseini, A., & Ziaie, B. (2017). Highly stretchable potentiometric pH sensor fabricated via laser carbonization and machining of Carbon− Polyaniline composite. ACS applied materials & interfaces, 9(10), 9015-9023.''
+*[3]: ''El-Kady, M. F., Ihns, M., Li, M., Hwang, J. Y., Mousavi, M. F., Chaney, L., Lech, A. T., & Kaner, R. B. (2015). Engineering three-dimensional hybrid supercapacitors and microsupercapacitors for high-performance integrated energy storage. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(14), 4233-4238.''
+*[4]: ''Amato, L. (2013). Pyrolysed Carbon Scaffold for Bioelectrochemistry in Life Science. Kgs. Lyngby: Technical University of Denmark.''
+*[5]: ''McCreery, R. L. (2008). Advanced carbon electrode materials for molecular electrochemistry. Chemical reviews, 108(7), 2646-2687.''
+*[6]: ''Hemanth, S., Halder, A., Caviglia, C., Chi, Q., & Keller, S. S. (2018). 3D Carbon microelectrodes with bio-functionalized graphene for electrochemical biosensing. Biosensors, 8(3), 70.''
+*[7]: ''http://labadviser.nanolab.dtu.dk/index.php/LabAdviser/Technology_Research/Cleanroom_fabrication_of_3D_electrodes_with_lithography_and_pyrolysis''
+*[8]: ''Martinez-Duarte, R. (2014). SU-8 Photolithography as a Toolbox for Carbon MEMS. Micromachines, 5(3), 766-782.''