Specific Process Knowledge/Etch/DRIE-Pegasus/Pegasus-4/SiO2 Etch/SiO2 etch with resist mask

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Second run of DOE03 - with pattern

The design factors were:

  • Coil power: 2500-4000 W
  • Platen power: 200-300 W
  • Total flow: 100-500 sccm
  • He/C4F8 ratio: 5-30
  • C4H8/H2 ratio: 1-3

Fixed settings were:

  • Spacers used: 30 mm
  • APC valve: 100% open (to keep pressure as low as possible) - Pressure will be very correlated to the total flow rate.

Samples:

  • One piece 2x2cm DUV patterened bond to a Si carrier wafer
  • ~2µm SiO2 - ~900nm Neg DUV resist - mask: Pegreticle

The responses I will evaluate are:

  • Etch rate of SiO2
  • Etch rate selectivity to resist
  • Etch profile angle in low aspect ratio areas
  • Etch profile angle in higher aspect ratio areas
  • Change in critical dimensions
  • Aspect ratio dependent etch rate


Results from second run of DOE3 - with pattern

Model of all responses together. Se explaination on the responses below.
Here they are fittet together (This gives a good overview but goes not give the best model each of the responses):

  • Interactive HTM file (copy the link into your browser): file:///O:/CleanroomDrive/_Equipment/Pegasus%204/DOE3/Fit%20Model%20all%20responses%202.htm
  • Inactive PDF file: File:Fit Model all responses 2.pdf

Here they are fittet one at a time (This gives better models for the individual responses but the overview is less good:

Etch rate in low aspect ratio areas

Here I have modelled the etch rate in the low aspect ration etched areas (4 µm pitch and 1 µm lines). Copy the below html link into your browser and the dokument will open if you have access to the Cleanroom drive. The prediction profiler is interactive! Be aware that the resulting response from the prediction profiler might have large statistical incertainty. Unfortunately the document does not include this coinfidence interval so you should only use it as guide lines. If you look at the below .pdf file for one selected set of parameters in the prediection profiler to can see the coenfidence interval for that set of factors.

  • Etch rate modelled with the most dominant factors:
    • file:///O:/CleanroomDrive/_Equipment/Pegasus%204/DOE3/Auto_HTML_Report2021-04-13T15_56_26/_html5/Fit_Model_with_pattern_etch_rate_in_LAR_20210413_most_dominant_factors.html
  • Etch rate modelled with factors and interaction of factors that have P values less than 0.05 (statistical significant level). Factors can be included with higher P values if they are in a statistic significant interaction.
    • file:///O:/CleanroomDrive/_Equipment/Pegasus%204/DOE3/Auto_HTML_Report2021-04-13T15_46_25/_html5/Fit_Model_with_pattern_etch_rate_in_LAR_20210413_with_many_interactions.html
  • Pdf document of Etch rate modelled with factors and interaction of factors that have P values less than 0.05 (statistical significant level). Factors can be included with higher P values if they are in a statistic significant interaction. Here the profiler is not interactive.

Etch rate selectivity to the resist

This is defined as the SiO2 etch rate in the low aspect ratio etched areas (4 µm pitch and 1 µm lines) devided by the resist etch rate also on the 1 µm lines in these areas. Copy the below htm link into your browser and the dokument will open if you have access to the Cleanroom drive. The prediction profiler is interactive! Be aware that the resulting response from the prediction profiler might have large statistical incertainty. Unfortunately the document does not include this coinfidence interval so you should only use it as guide lines. If you look at the below .pdf file for one selected set of parameters in the prediection profiler to can see the coenfidence interval for that set of factors.

  • Selectivity modelled with factors and interaction of factors that have P values less than 0.05 (statistical significant level). Factors can be included with higher P values if they are in a statistic significant interaction.
    • file:///O:/CleanroomDrive/_Equipment/Pegasus%204/DOE3/Fit%20Model%20selectivity.htm
  • Pdf document of Selectivity modelled with factors and interaction of factors that have P values less than 0.05 (statistical significant level). Factors can be included with higher P values if they are in a statistic significant interaction. Here the profiler is not interactive.

Etch profile angle in low aspect ratio etching

Modelling the etch profile angle is difficult because it depends on the aspect ratio of the etched structures. If the mask opening around the structure is small compared to the depth of the etch the aspect ratio is high. If the opening is large compared to the etch depth the aspect ratio is low. Here I have looked at low aspect ratio - more precisly I have looked at the profile of lines with 4 µm pitch and 1µm line width. The etch depth was been target to 1 µm. I different etch depth or a different starting thickness of the resist pattern will most likely give another profile angle. Copy the below htm link into your browser and the dokument will open if you have access to the Cleanroom drive. The prediction profiler is interactive! Be aware that the resulting response from the prediction profiler might have large statistical incertainty. Unfortunately the document does not include this coinfidence interval so you should only use it as guide lines. If you look at the below .pdf file for one selected set of parameters in the prediection profiler to can see the coenfidence interval for that set of factors.

  • Etch profile of low aspect ratio SiO2 etch modelled with factors and interaction of factors that have P values less than 0.05 (statistical significant level). Factors can be included with higher P values if they are in a statistic significant interaction. Here the profiler is interactive.
    • file:///O:/CleanroomDrive/_Equipment/Pegasus%204/DOE3/Fit%20Model%20profile%20angle%20LAR.htm
  • Pdf document of the etch profile of low aspect ratio SiO2 etch modelled with factors and interaction of factors that have P values less than 0.05 (statistical significant level). Factors can be included with higher P values if they are in a statistic significant interaction. Here the profiler is not interactive.

Etch profile angle in 1:1 aspect ratio etching

Modelling the etch profile angle is difficult because it depends on the aspect ratio of the etched structures. If the mask opening around the structure is small compared to the depth of the etch the aspect ratio is high. If the opening is large compared to the etch depth the aspect ratio is low. Here I have looked at 1:1 aspect ratio - more precisly I have looked at the profile of lines with 2 µm pitch and 1µm line width. The etch depth was been target to 1 µm. A different starting thickness of the resist pattern will most likely give another profile angle. I have not modelled higher aspect ratio structures since for the higher spect ratio structures in this study some of the samples has not been etched at all in the small opening and then the profile angle response cannot be modelled. Copy the below htm link into your browser and the document will open if you have access to the Cleanroom drive. The prediction profiler is interactive! Be aware that the resulting response from the prediction profiler might have large statistical incertainty. Unfortunately the document does not include this coinfidence interval so you should only use it as guide lines. If you look at the below .pdf file for one selected set of parameters in the prediection profiler to can see the coenfidence interval for that set of factors.

  • Etch profile of low aspect ratio SiO2 etch modelled with factors and interaction of factors that have P values less than 0.05 (statistical significant level). Factors can be included with higher P values if they are in a statistic significant interaction. Here the profiler is interactive.
    • file:///O:/CleanroomDrive/_Equipment/Pegasus%204/DOE3/Fit%20Model%20profile%20angle%201_1.htm
  • Pdf document of the etch profile of low aspect ratio SiO2 etch modelled with factors and interaction of factors that have P values less than 0.05 (statistical significant level). Factors can be included with higher P values if they are in a statistic significant interaction. Here the profiler is not interactive.

Change of critical dimensions (CD change)

Modelling the change in critical dimensions - that is the difference between the mask opening before etch and after etch. This has been measured as an average of the different size seens on the SEM images. I thas been measured both in the top and the bottom. This modelling also includes the difference in CD change between top and bottom - this is actually another measure for the profile angle. Copy the below htm link into your browser and the document will open if you have access to the Cleanroom drive. The prediction profiler is interactive! Be aware that the resulting response from the prediction profiler might have large statistical incertainty. Unfortunately the document does not include this coinfidence interval so you should only use it as guide lines. If you look at the below .pdf file for one selected set of parameters in the prediection profiler to can see the coenfidence interval for that set of factors.

  • CD changes in bottom and top of etched structures and the difference are modelled with factors and interaction of factors that have P values less than 0.05 (statistical significant level). Factors can be included with higher P values if they are in a statistic significant interaction. Here the profiler is interactive.
    • file:///O:/CleanroomDrive/_Equipment/Pegasus%204/DOE3/Fit%20Model%20CD%20change%20and%20CD%20difference.htm
  • Pdf document of the CD changes in bottom and top of etched structures and the difference are modelled with factors and interaction of factors that have P values less than 0.05 (statistical significant level). Here the profiler is not interactive.


Aspect ratio dependent etch rate

Different mask opening sizes etches with different rates - especially when the aspect ratio goes above 1 meaning the etch is deeper that the size of the opening. Here I have modelled the spect ratio dependant etch rate by modelling the ratio of the etch rate in the lines 4 µm pitch and 1 µm line over the etch rate in 1 µm pitch and 0.5µm lines. The etch depth in the large opening is about 1 µm. Copy the below htm link into your browser and the document will open if you have access to the Cleanroom drive. The prediction profiler is interactive! Be aware that the resulting response from the prediction profiler might have large statistical incertainty. Unfortunately the document does not include this coinfidence interval so you should only use it as guide lines. If you look at the below .pdf file for one selected set of parameters in the prediection profiler to can see the coenfidence interval for that set of factors.

  • The aspect ratio dependent etch is modelled with factors and interaction of factors that have P values less than 0.05 (statistical significant level). Factors can be included with higher P values if they are in a statistic significant interaction. Here the profiler is interactive.
    • file:///O:/CleanroomDrive/_Equipment/Pegasus%204/DOE3/Fit%20Model%20ER%20change.htm
  • Pdf document of The aspect ratio dependent etch is modelled with factors and interaction of factors that have P values less than 0.05 (statistical significant level). Factors can be included with higher P values if they are in a statistic significant interaction Here the profiler is not interactive.

SEM images