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= Deposition of Cu =
= Deposition of Cu =
Copper can be deposited by e-beam evaporation or sputtering at Nanolab. In the chart below you can compare the different deposition equipment. Further down you will find some results of studies on Cu deposition processes.
Copper can be deposited by e-beam evaporation or sputtering at Nanolab. We have also recently developed a process with thermal evaporation (2024). In the chart below you can compare the different deposition equipment. Further down you will find some results of studies on Cu deposition processes.


==Studies of Cu deposition==
[[/Deposition of Copper/Resistive thermal evaporation of Copper|Resistive thermal evaporation of copper]]
[[/Deposition of Copper|Roughness of Cu layers]] - ''Roughness of Cu layers deposited with the Alcatel e-beam evaporator'' - this particular machine has been decommissioned, but the results may still be of interest.


[[Specific_Process_Knowledge/Thin_film_deposition/Lesker/Stress_dependence_on_sputter_parameters_in_the_Lesker_sputter_system#Cu:_Low_stress|Stress in sputtered Cu]] - ''Low stress in Cu films sputtered with the Sputter-System (Lesker)''
==Comparison of equipment for Cu deposition==
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*See also the [http://labmanager.dtu.dk/function.php?module=XcMachineaction&view=edit&MachID=167 cross-contamination sheet]
*See also the [http://labmanager.dtu.dk/function.php?module=XcMachineaction&view=edit&MachID=167 cross-contamination sheet]
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*Almost that does not degas also if you plan to heat the substrate - see cross contamination sheets for [http://labmanager.dtu.dk/function.php?module=XcMachineaction&view=edit&MachID=441 PC1] and [http://labmanager.dtu.dk/function.php?module=XcMachineaction&view=edit&MachID=442 PC3] |-style="background:WhiteSmoke; color:black"
*Almost that does not degas also if you plan to heat the substrate - see cross contamination sheets for [http://labmanager.dtu.dk/function.php?module=XcMachineaction&view=edit&MachID=441 PC1] and [http://labmanager.dtu.dk/function.php?module=XcMachineaction&view=edit&MachID=442 PC3]  
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'''**''' ''To deposit layers thicker than 200 nm permission is required to ensure that there is enough metal (contact metal@nanolab.dtu.dk)''
'''**''' ''To deposit layers thicker than 200 nm permission is required to ensure that there is enough metal (contact metal@nanolab.dtu.dk)''
==Studies of Cu deposition==
[[/Deposition of Copper|Roughness of Cu layers]] - ''Roughness of Cu layers deposited with the Alcatel e-beam evaporator''
[[Specific_Process_Knowledge/Thin_film_deposition/Lesker/Stress_dependence_on_sputter_parameters_in_the_Lesker_sputter_system#Cu:_Low_stress|Stress in sputtered Cu]] - ''Low stress in Cu films sputtered with the Sputter-System (Lesker)''