Specific Process Knowledge/Characterization/XPS/XPS elemental composition - Revision history

Jmli at 08:35, 4 September 2025

2025-09-04T08:35:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:35, 4 September 2025
Line 2:		Line 2:
	'''Feedback to this page''': '''[mailto:labadviser@nanolab.dtu.dk?Subject=Feed%20back%20from%20page%20http://labadviser.nanolab.dtu.dk/index.php?title=Specific_Process_Knowledge/Characterization/XPS/XPS_elemental_composition click here]'''		'''Feedback to this page''': '''[mailto:labadviser@nanolab.dtu.dk?Subject=Feed%20back%20from%20page%20http://labadviser.nanolab.dtu.dk/index.php?title=Specific_Process_Knowledge/Characterization/XPS/XPS_elemental_composition click here]'''
	<!-- Page reviewed 9/8-2022 jmli -->		<!-- Page reviewed 9/8-2022 jmli -->
			<!--Checked for updates on 4/9-2025 - ok/jmli -->

Jmli: /* Elemental composition analysis */

2023-05-08T13:16:34Z

Elemental composition analysis

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:16, 8 May 2023
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	{{Author-jmli1}}		{{Author-jmli1}}

	[[File:XPS survey.jpg~~\|600px~~\|XPS spectrum of a sample consisting of the elements silicon, oxygen and carbon. {{image1}}]]		[[File:XPS survey.jpg\|XPS spectrum of a sample consisting of the elements silicon, oxygen and carbon. {{image1}}]]

	With a unique set of electronic states, each element has its own "finger-print" in the XPS spectrum. The electronic states in the atoms are occupied by electrons with a specific binding energy. In the spectrum above, the dominant peaks of carbon, oxygen and silicon are labelled. More peaks are seen in this socalled survey spectrum but they are all associated to these three elements. All elements have peaks within the wide energy range (usually 0 - 1350 eV binding energy) of the survey spectrum - hence any element that is present in the sample within its detection limit (roughly 1 % depending on element and acquisition setup) will show up in the survey spectrum as peaks of intensities that are determined by the respective concentrations.		With a unique set of electronic states, each element has its own "finger-print" in the XPS spectrum. The electronic states in the atoms are occupied by electrons with a specific binding energy. In the spectrum above, the dominant peaks of carbon, oxygen and silicon are labelled. More peaks are seen in this socalled survey spectrum but they are all associated to these three elements. All elements have peaks within the wide energy range (usually 0 - 1350 eV binding energy) of the survey spectrum - hence any element that is present in the sample within its detection limit (roughly 1 % depending on element and acquisition setup) will show up in the survey spectrum as peaks of intensities that are determined by the respective concentrations.

Jmli: /* Elemental composition analysis */

2023-05-08T13:15:50Z

Elemental composition analysis

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:15, 8 May 2023
Line 6:		Line 6:

	=Elemental composition analysis=		=Elemental composition analysis=
			{{Author-jmli1}}

	[[File:~~Overview spectra Labadvisor~~.~~JPG~~\|600px\|XPS spectrum of a sample consisting of the elements silicon, oxygen and carbon. ]]		[[File:XPS survey.jpg\|600px\|XPS spectrum of a sample consisting of the elements silicon, oxygen and carbon. {{image1}}]]

	With a unique set of electronic states, each element has its own "finger-print" in the XPS spectrum. The electronic states in the atoms are occupied by electrons with a specific binding energy. In the spectrum above, the dominant peaks of carbon, oxygen and silicon are labelled. More peaks are seen in this socalled survey spectrum but they are all associated to these three elements. All elements have peaks within the wide energy range (usually 0 - 1350 eV binding energy) of the survey spectrum - hence any element that is present in the sample within its detection limit (roughly 1 % depending on element and acquisition setup) will show up in the survey spectrum as peaks of intensities that are determined by the respective concentrations.		With a unique set of electronic states, each element has its own "finger-print" in the XPS spectrum. The electronic states in the atoms are occupied by electrons with a specific binding energy. In the spectrum above, the dominant peaks of carbon, oxygen and silicon are labelled. More peaks are seen in this socalled survey spectrum but they are all associated to these three elements. All elements have peaks within the wide energy range (usually 0 - 1350 eV binding energy) of the survey spectrum - hence any element that is present in the sample within its detection limit (roughly 1 % depending on element and acquisition setup) will show up in the survey spectrum as peaks of intensities that are determined by the respective concentrations.

Jmli: /* Table with approximate binding energies */

2023-05-08T12:09:17Z

Table with approximate binding energies

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:09, 8 May 2023
Line 16:		Line 16:
	== Table with approximate binding energies ==		== Table with approximate binding energies ==

	The table below has been adapted from the web archive at https://xdb.lbl.gov/Section1/Sec_1-1.html~~. Click [http://xdb.lbl.gov/Section1/Sec_1-1.html here]~~.		The table below has been adapted from the web archive at https://xdb.lbl.gov/Section1/Sec_1-1.html.

	=Hydrogen (1) to copper (29)=		=Hydrogen (1) to copper (29)=

Jmli: /* Table with approximate binding energies */

2023-05-08T12:08:56Z

Table with approximate binding energies

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:08, 8 May 2023
Line 16:		Line 16:
	== Table with approximate binding energies ==		== Table with approximate binding energies ==

	The table below has been adapted from [http://xdb.lbl.gov/Section1/Sec_1-1.html].		The table below has been adapted from the web archive at https://xdb.lbl.gov/Section1/Sec_1-1.html. Click [http://xdb.lbl.gov/Section1/Sec_1-1.html here].

	=Hydrogen (1) to copper (29)=		=Hydrogen (1) to copper (29)=

Jmli at 09:31, 9 August 2022

2022-08-09T09:31:52Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:31, 9 August 2022
Line 1:		Line 1:

	'''Feedback to this page''': '''[mailto:labadviser@~~danchip~~.dtu.dk?Subject=Feed%20back%20from%20page%20http://labadviser.~~danchip~~.dtu.dk/index.php?title=Specific_Process_Knowledge/Characterization/XPS/XPS_elemental_composition click here]'''		'''Feedback to this page''': '''[mailto:labadviser@nanolab.dtu.dk?Subject=Feed%20back%20from%20page%20http://labadviser.nanolab.dtu.dk/index.php?title=Specific_Process_Knowledge/Characterization/XPS/XPS_elemental_composition click here]'''
			<!-- Page reviewed 9/8-2022 jmli -->

Jmli: /* Zink (30) to iodine (53) */

2020-04-03T06:21:17Z

Zink (30) to iodine (53)

Jmli: /* Xenon (54) to gold (79) */

2020-04-03T06:20:28Z

Xenon (54) to gold (79)

Jmli: /* Mercury (80) to uranium (92) */

2020-04-03T06:19:26Z

Mercury (80) to uranium (92)

Show changes

Jmli: /* Hydrogen (1) to copper (29) */

2020-04-03T06:12:52Z

Hydrogen (1) to copper (29)

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:21, 3 April 2020
Line 91:		Line 91:

	{\| border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1" {{table}}		{\| border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1" {{table}}
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''~~Shell~~'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''Orbital'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''K'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''1s'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''L1'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''2s'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''L2'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''2p<sub>1/2</sub>'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''L3'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''2p<sub>3/2</sub>'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''M1'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''3s'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''M2'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''3p<sub>1/2</sub>'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''M3'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''3p<sub>3/2</sub>'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''M4'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''3d<sub>3/2</sub>'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''M5'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''3d<sub>5/2</sub>'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''N1'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''4s'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''N2'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''4p<sub>1/2</sub>'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''N3'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''4p<sub>3/2</sub>'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''N5'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''4d<sub>3/2</sub>'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''~~N6'''~~		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''4d<sub>5/2</sub>'''
	\|-
	~~\| Orbital\|\|1s\|\|2s\|\|2p<sub>1/2</sub>\|\|2p<sub>3/2</sub>\|\|3s\|\|3p<sub>1/2</sub>\|\|3p<sub>3/2</sub> \|\|3d<sub>3/2</sub>\|\|3d<sub>5/2</sub>\|\|4s\|\|4p<sub>1/2</sub>\|\|4p<sub>3/2</sub>\|\|4d<sub>3/2</sub>\|\|~~4d<sub>5/2</sub>
	\|-		\|-
	\| '''30 Zn'''\|\|9659\|\|1196,2\|\|1044,9\|\|1021,8\|\|139,8\|\|91,4\|\|88,6\|\|10,2\|\|10,1\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|		\| '''30 Zn'''\|\|9659\|\|1196,2\|\|1044,9\|\|1021,8\|\|139,8\|\|91,4\|\|88,6\|\|10,2\|\|10,1\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:20, 3 April 2020
Line 162:		Line 162:

	{\| border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1" {{table}}		{\| border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1" {{table}}
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''~~Shell~~'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''Orbital'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''K'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''1s'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''L1'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''2s'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''L2'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''2p<sub>1/2</sub>'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''L3'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''2p<sub>3/2</sub>'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''M1'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''3s'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''M2'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''3p<sub>1/2</sub>'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''M3'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''3p<sub>3/2</sub>'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''M4'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''3d<sub>3/2</sub>'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''M5'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''3d<sub>5/2</sub>'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''N1'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''4s'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''N2'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''4p<sub>1/2</sub>'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''N3'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''4p<sub>3/2</sub>'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''N5'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''4d<sub>3/2</sub>'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''N6'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''4d<sub>5/2</sub>'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''N7'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''4f<sub>5/2</sub>'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''O1'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''4f<sub>7/2</sub>'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''O2'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''5s'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''O3'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''5p<sub>1/2</sub> '''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''~~O4'''~~		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''5p<sub>3/2</sub>'''
	\|-
	\| Orbital\|\|1s\|\|2s\|\|2p<sub>1/2</sub>\|\|2p<sub>3/2</sub>\|\|3s\|\|3p<sub>1/2</sub>\|\|3p<sub>3/2</sub> \|\|3d<sub>3/2</sub>\|\|3d<sub>5/2</sub>\|\|4s\|\|4p<sub>1/2</sub>\|\|4p<sub>3/2</sub>\|\|4d<sub>3/2</sub>\|\|4d<sub>5/2</sub>\|\| 4f<sub>5/2</sub>\|\|4f<sub>7/2</sub>\|\|5s\|\|5p<sub>1/2</sub> \|\|5p<sub>3/2</sub>
	\|-		\|-
	\| '''54 Xe'''\|\|34561\|\|5453\|\|5107\|\|4786\|\|1148,7\|\|1002,1\|\|940,6\|\|689\|\|676,4\|\|213,2\|\|146,7\|\|145,5\|\|69,5\|\|67,5\|\|—\|\|—\|\|23,3\|\|13,4\|\|12,1		\| '''54 Xe'''\|\|34561\|\|5453\|\|5107\|\|4786\|\|1148,7\|\|1002,1\|\|940,6\|\|689\|\|676,4\|\|213,2\|\|146,7\|\|145,5\|\|69,5\|\|67,5\|\|—\|\|—\|\|23,3\|\|13,4\|\|12,1

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:12, 3 April 2020
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	\| ''' 1 H'''\|\|13,6\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|		\| ''' 1 H'''\|\|13,6\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|
	\|-		\|-
	! '''2 He'''\|\|24,6\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|		\| '''2 He'''\|\|24,6\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|
	\|-		\|-
	\| '''3 Li'''\|\|54,7\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|		\| '''3 Li'''\|\|54,7\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|
	\|-		\|-
	! '''4 Be'''\|\|111,5\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|		\| '''4 Be'''\|\|111,5\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|
	\|-		\|-
	\| ''' 5 B'''\|\|188\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|		\| ''' 5 B'''\|\|188\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|
	\|-		\|-
	! '''6 C'''\|\|284,2\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|		\| '''6 C'''\|\|284,2\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|
	\|-		\|-
	\| '''7 N'''\|\|409,9\|\|37,3\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|		\| '''7 N'''\|\|409,9\|\|37,3\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|
	\|-		\|-
	! '''8 O'''\|\|543,1\|\|41,6\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|		\| '''8 O'''\|\|543,1\|\|41,6\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|
	\|-		\|-
	\| '''9 F'''\|\|696,7\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|		\| '''9 F'''\|\|696,7\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|
	\|-		\|-
	! '''10 Ne'''\|\|870,2\|\|48,5\|\|21,7\|\|21,6\|\|\|\|\|\|		\| '''10 Ne'''\|\|870,2\|\|48,5\|\|21,7\|\|21,6\|\|\|\|\|\|
	\|-		\|-
	\| '''11 Na'''\|\|1070,8\|\|63,5\|\|30,65\|\|30,81\|\|\|\|\|\|		\| '''11 Na'''\|\|1070,8\|\|63,5\|\|30,65\|\|30,81\|\|\|\|\|\|
	\|-		\|-
	! '''12 Mg'''\|\|1303\|\|88,7\|\|49,78\|\|49,5\|\|\|\|\|\|		\| '''12 Mg'''\|\|1303\|\|88,7\|\|49,78\|\|49,5\|\|\|\|\|\|
	\|-		\|-
	\| '''13 Al'''\|\|1559,6\|\|117,8\|\|72,95\|\|72,55\|\|\|\|\|\|		\| '''13 Al'''\|\|1559,6\|\|117,8\|\|72,95\|\|72,55\|\|\|\|\|\|
	\|-		\|-
	! '''14 Si'''\|\|1839\|\|149,7\|\|99,82\|\|99,42\|\|\|\|\|\|		\| '''14 Si'''\|\|1839\|\|149,7\|\|99,82\|\|99,42\|\|\|\|\|\|
	\|-		\|-
	\| '''15 P'''\|\|2145,5\|\|189\|\|136\|\|135\|\|\|\|\|\|		\| '''15 P'''\|\|2145,5\|\|189\|\|136\|\|135\|\|\|\|\|\|
	\|-		\|-
	! '''16 S'''\|\|2472\|\|230,9\|\|163,6\|\|162,5\|\|\|\|\|\|		\| '''16 S'''\|\|2472\|\|230,9\|\|163,6\|\|162,5\|\|\|\|\|\|
	\|-		\|-
	\| '''17 Cl'''\|\|2822,4\|\|270\|\|202\|\|200\|\|\|\|\|\|		\| '''17 Cl'''\|\|2822,4\|\|270\|\|202\|\|200\|\|\|\|\|\|
	\|-		\|-
	! '''18 Ar'''\|\|3205,9\|\|326,3\|\|250,6\|\|248,4\|\|29,3\|\|15,9\|\|15,7		\| '''18 Ar'''\|\|3205,9\|\|326,3\|\|250,6\|\|248,4\|\|29,3\|\|15,9\|\|15,7
	\|-		\|-
	\|''' 19 K'''\|\|3608,4\|\|378,6\|\|297,3\|\|294,6\|\|34,8\|\|18,3\|\|18,3		\|''' 19 K'''\|\|3608,4\|\|378,6\|\|297,3\|\|294,6\|\|34,8\|\|18,3\|\|18,3
	\|-		\|-
	! '''20 Ca'''\|\|4038,5\|\|438,4\|\|349,7\|\|346,2\|\|44,3\|\|25,4\|\|25,4		\| '''20 Ca'''\|\|4038,5\|\|438,4\|\|349,7\|\|346,2\|\|44,3\|\|25,4\|\|25,4
	\|-		\|-
	\|''' 21 Sc'''\|\|4492\|\|498\|\|403,6\|\|398,7\|\|51,1\|\|28,3\|\|28,3		\|''' 21 Sc'''\|\|4492\|\|498\|\|403,6\|\|398,7\|\|51,1\|\|28,3\|\|28,3
	\|-		\|-
	! '''22 Ti'''\|\|4966\|\|560,9\|\|460,2\|\|453,8\|\|58,7\|\|32,6\|\|32,6		\| '''22 Ti'''\|\|4966\|\|560,9\|\|460,2\|\|453,8\|\|58,7\|\|32,6\|\|32,6
	\|-		\|-
	\| '''23 V'''\|\|5465\|\|626,7\|\|519,8\|\|512,1\|\|66,3\|\|37,2\|\|37,2		\| '''23 V'''\|\|5465\|\|626,7\|\|519,8\|\|512,1\|\|66,3\|\|37,2\|\|37,2
	\|-		\|-
	! '''24 Cr'''\|\|5989\|\|696\|\|583,8\|\|574,1\|\|74,1\|\|42,2\|\|42,2		\| '''24 Cr'''\|\|5989\|\|696\|\|583,8\|\|574,1\|\|74,1\|\|42,2\|\|42,2
	\|-		\|-
	\| '''25 Mn'''\|\|6539\|\|769,1\|\|649,9\|\|638,7\|\|82,3\|\|47,2\|\|47,2		\| '''25 Mn'''\|\|6539\|\|769,1\|\|649,9\|\|638,7\|\|82,3\|\|47,2\|\|47,2
	\|-		\|-
	! '''26 Fe'''\|\|7112\|\|844,6\|\|719,9\|\|706,8\|\|91,3\|\|52,7\|\|52,7		\| '''26 Fe'''\|\|7112\|\|844,6\|\|719,9\|\|706,8\|\|91,3\|\|52,7\|\|52,7
	\|-		\|-
	\| '''27 Co'''\|\|7709\|\|925,1\|\|793,2\|\|778,1\|\|101\|\|58,9\|\|59,9		\| '''27 Co'''\|\|7709\|\|925,1\|\|793,2\|\|778,1\|\|101\|\|58,9\|\|59,9
	\|-		\|-
	! '''28 Ni'''\|\|8333\|\|1008,6\|\|870\|\|852,7\|\|110,8\|\|68\|\|66,2		\| '''28 Ni'''\|\|8333\|\|1008,6\|\|870\|\|852,7\|\|110,8\|\|68\|\|66,2
	\|-		\|-
	\| '''29 Cu'''\|\|8979\|\|1096,7\|\|952,3\|\|932,7\|\|122,5\|\|77,3\|\|75,1		\| '''29 Cu'''\|\|8979\|\|1096,7\|\|952,3\|\|932,7\|\|122,5\|\|77,3\|\|75,1